Interface
The Interface Class abstracts the encoding and decoding required to interact with contracts on the Hedera Hashgraph.
Many of the standards organically evolved along side the Solidity language, which other languages have adopted to remain compatible with existing deployed contracts.
The EVM itself does not understand what the ABI is. It is simply an agreed upon set of formats to encode various types of data which each contract can expect so they can interoperate with each other.
Creating Instances
new hethers.utils.Interface( abi )
new hethers.utils.Interface( abi )Create a new Interface from a JSON string or object representing abi.
The abi may be a JSON string or the parsed Object (using JSON.parse) which is emitted by the Solidity compiler (or compatible languages).
The abi may also be a Human-Readable Abi.
// This interface is used for the below examples
const iface = new Interface([
// Constructor
"constructor(string symbol, string name)",
// State mutating method
"function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint amount)",
// State mutating method, which is payable
"function mint(uint amount) payable",
// Constant method (i.e. "view" or "pure")
"function balanceOf(address owner) view returns (uint)",
// An Event
"event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 amount)",
// A Custom Solidity Error
"error AccountLocked(address owner, uint256 balance)",
// Examples with structured types
"function addUser(tuple(string name, address addr) user) returns (uint id)",
"function addUsers(tuple(string name, address addr)[] user) returns (uint[] id)",
"function getUser(uint id) view returns (tuple(string name, address addr) user)"
]);Properties
All the Fragments in the interface.
All the Error Fragments in the interface.
All the Event Fragments in the interface.
All the Function Fragments in the interface
The Constructor Fragments for the interface.
Formatting
interface.format( [ format ] ) ⇒ string | Array<string>
interface.format( [ format ] ) ⇒ string | Array<string>Return the formatted Interface. If the format type is json a single string is returned, otherwise an Array of the human-readable strings is returned.
const FormatTypes = hethers.utils.FormatTypes;
iface.format(FormatTypes.json)
// '[{"type":"constructor","payable":false,"inputs":[{"type":"string","name":"symbol"},{"type":"string","name":"name"}]},{"type":"function","name":"transferFrom","constant":false,"payable":false,"inputs":[{"type":"address","name":"from"},{"type":"address","name":"to"},{"type":"uint256","name":"amount"}],"outputs":[]},{"type":"function","name":"mint","constant":false,"stateMutability":"payable","payable":true,"inputs":[{"type":"uint256","name":"amount"}],"outputs":[]},{"type":"function","name":"balanceOf","constant":true,"stateMutability":"view","payable":false,"inputs":[{"type":"address","name":"owner"}],"outputs":[{"type":"uint256"}]},{"type":"event","anonymous":false,"name":"Transfer","inputs":[{"type":"address","name":"from","indexed":true},{"type":"address","name":"to","indexed":true},{"type":"uint256","name":"amount"}]},{"type":"error","name":"AccountLocked","inputs":[{"type":"address","name":"owner"},{"type":"uint256","name":"balance"}]},{"type":"function","name":"addUser","constant":false,"payable":false,"inputs":[{"type":"tuple","name":"user","components":[{"type":"string","name":"name"},{"type":"address","name":"addr"}]}],"outputs":[{"type":"uint256","name":"id"}]},{"type":"function","name":"addUsers","constant":false,"payable":false,"inputs":[{"type":"tuple[]","name":"user","components":[{"type":"string","name":"name"},{"type":"address","name":"addr"}]}],"outputs":[{"type":"uint256[]","name":"id"}]},{"type":"function","name":"getUser","constant":true,"stateMutability":"view","payable":false,"inputs":[{"type":"uint256","name":"id"}],"outputs":[{"type":"tuple","name":"user","components":[{"type":"string","name":"name"},{"type":"address","name":"addr"}]}]}]'
iface.format(FormatTypes.full)
// [
// 'constructor(string symbol, string name)',
// 'function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount)',
// 'function mint(uint256 amount) payable',
// 'function balanceOf(address owner) view returns (uint256)',
// 'event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 amount)',
// 'error AccountLocked(address owner, uint256 balance)',
// 'function addUser(tuple(string name, address addr) user) returns (uint256 id)',
// 'function addUsers(tuple(string name, address addr)[] user) returns (uint256[] id)',
// 'function getUser(uint256 id) view returns (tuple(string name, address addr) user)'
// ]
iface.format(FormatTypes.minimal)
// [
// 'constructor(string,string)',
// 'function transferFrom(address,address,uint256)',
// 'function mint(uint256) payable',
// 'function balanceOf(address) view returns (uint256)',
// 'event Transfer(address indexed,address indexed,uint256)',
// 'error AccountLocked(address,uint256)',
// 'function addUser(tuple(string,address)) returns (uint256)',
// 'function addUsers(tuple(string,address)[]) returns (uint256[])',
// 'function getUser(uint256) view returns (tuple(string,address))'
// ]Fragment Access
Returns the FunctionFragment for fragment (see Specifying Fragments).
// By method signature, which is normalized so whitespace
// and superfluous attributes are ignored
iface.getFunction("transferFrom(address, address, uint256)");
// By name; this ONLY works if the method is non-ambiguous
iface.getFunction("transferFrom");
// By method selector
iface.getFunction("0x23b872dd");
// Throws if the method does not exist
iface.getFunction("doesNotExist()");
// [Error: no matching function] {
// argument: 'signature',
// code: 'INVALID_ARGUMENT',
// reason: 'no matching function',
// value: 'doesNotExist()'
// }Returns the ErrorFragment for fragment (see Specifying Fragments).
// By error signature, which is normalized so whitespace
// and superfluous attributes are ignored
iface.getError("AccountLocked(address, uint256)");
// By name; this ONLY works if the error is non-ambiguous
iface.getError("AccountLocked");
// By error selector
iface.getError("0xf7c3865a");
// Throws if the error does not exist
iface.getError("DoesNotExist()");
// [Error: no matching error] {
// argument: 'signature',
// code: 'INVALID_ARGUMENT',
// reason: 'no matching error',
// value: 'DoesNotExist()'
// }Returns the EventFragment for fragment (see Specifying Fragments).
// By event signature, which is normalized so whitespace
// and superfluous attributes are ignored
iface.getEvent("Transfer(address, address, uint256)");
// By name; this ONLY works if the event is non-ambiguous
iface.getEvent("Transfer");
// By event topic hash
iface.getEvent("0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef");
// Throws if the event does not exist
iface.getEvent("DoesNotExist()");
// [Error: no matching event] {
// argument: 'signature',
// code: 'INVALID_ARGUMENT',
// reason: 'no matching event',
// value: 'DoesNotExist()'
// }Signature and Topic Hashes
Return the sighash (or Function Selector) for fragment (see Specifying Fragments).
iface.getSighash("balanceOf");
// '0x70a08231'
iface.getSighash("balanceOf(address)");
// '0x70a08231'
const fragment = iface.getFunction("balanceOf")
iface.getSighash(fragment);
// '0x70a08231'Return the topic hash for fragment (see Specifying Fragments).
iface.getEventTopic("Transfer");
// '0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef'
iface.getEventTopic("Transfer(address, address, uint)");
// '0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef'
const fragment = iface.getEvent("Transfer")
iface.getEventTopic(fragment);
// '0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef'Encoding Data
Return the encoded deployment data, which can be concatenated to the deployment bytecode of a contract to pass values into the contract constructor.
// The data that should be appended to the bytecode to pass
// parameters to the constructor during deployment
iface.encodeDeploy([ "SYM", "Some Name" ])
// '0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000080000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000353594d00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000009536f6d65204e616d650000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'Returns the encoded error result, which would normally be the response from a reverted call for fragment (see Specifying Fragments) for the given values.
Most developers will not need this method, but may be useful for authors of a mock hashgraph.
// Encoding result data (like is returned by eth_call during a revert)
iface.encodeErrorResult("AccountLocked", [
"0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72",
parseHbar("1.0")
]);
// '0xf7c3865a0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba720000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000'
interface.encodeFilterTopics( fragment, values ) ⇒ Array<topic | Array<topic>>
interface.encodeFilterTopics( fragment, values ) ⇒ Array<topic | Array<topic>>Returns the encoded topic filter, which can be passed to getLogs for fragment (see Specifying Fragments) for the given values.
Each topic is a 32 byte (64 nibble) DataHexString.
// Filter that matches all Transfer events
iface.encodeFilterTopics("Transfer", [])
// [
// '0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef'
// ]
// Filter that matches the sender
iface.encodeFilterTopics("Transfer", [
"0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72"
])
// [
// '0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef',
// '0x0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72'
// ]
// Filter that matches the receiver
iface.encodeFilterTopics("Transfer", [
null,
"0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72"
])
// [
// '0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef',
// null,
// '0x0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72'
// ]Returns the encoded data, which can be used as the data for a transaction for fragment (see Specifying Fragments) for the given values.
// Encoding data for the tx.data of a call or transaction
iface.encodeFunctionData("transferFrom", [
"0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72",
"0xaB7C8803962c0f2F5BBBe3FA8bf41cd82AA1923C",
parseHbar("1.0")
])
// '0x23b872dd0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72000000000000000000000000ab7c8803962c0f2f5bbbe3fa8bf41cd82aa1923c0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000'
// Encoding structured data (using positional Array)
user = [
"Richard Moore",
"0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72"
];
iface.encodeFunctionData("addUser", [ user ]);
// '0x43967833000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000400000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000d52696368617264204d6f6f726500000000000000000000000000000000000000'
// Encoding structured data, using objects. Only available
// if paramters are named.
user = {
name: "Richard Moore",
addr: "0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72"
};
iface.encodeFunctionData("addUser", [ user ]);
// '0x43967833000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000400000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000d52696368617264204d6f6f726500000000000000000000000000000000000000'Returns the encoded result, which would normally be the response from a call for fragment (see Specifying Fragments) for the given values.
Most developers will not need this method, but may be useful for authors of a mock hashgraph.
// Encoding result data (like is returned by eth_call)
iface.encodeFunctionResult("balanceOf", [
"0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72"
])
// '0x0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72'Decoding Data
Returns the decoded values from the result of a call during a revert for fragment (see Specifying Fragments) for the given data.
Most developers won't need this, as the decodeFunctionResult will automatically decode errors if the data represents a revert.
// Decoding result data (e.g. from an eth_call)
errorData = "0xf7c3865a0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba720000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
iface.decodeErrorResult("AccountLocked", errorData)
// [
// '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// balance: { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// owner: '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72'
// ]Returns the decoded event values from an event log for fragment (see Specifying Fragments) for the given data with the optional topics.
If topics is not specified, placeholders will be inserted into the result.
Most developers will find the parsing methods more convenient for decoding event data, as they will automatically detect the matching event.
// Decoding log data and topics (the entries in a receipt)
const data = "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
const topics = [
"0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef",
"0x0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72",
"0x000000000000000000000000ab7c8803962c0f2f5bbbe3fa8bf41cd82aa1923c"
];
iface.decodeEventLog("Transfer", data, topics);
// [
// '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// '0xaB7C8803962c0f2F5BBBe3FA8bf41cd82AA1923C',
// { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// amount: { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// from: '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// to: '0xaB7C8803962c0f2F5BBBe3FA8bf41cd82AA1923C'
// ]Returns the decoded values from transaction data for fragment (see Specifying Fragments) for the given data.
Most developers will not need this method, but may be useful for debugging or inspecting transactions.
Most developers will also find the parsing methods more convenient for decoding transaction data, as they will automatically detect the matching function.
// Decoding function data (the value of tx.data)
const txData = "0x23b872dd0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72000000000000000000000000ab7c8803962c0f2f5bbbe3fa8bf41cd82aa1923c0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
iface.decodeFunctionData("transferFrom", txData);
// [
// '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// '0xaB7C8803962c0f2F5BBBe3FA8bf41cd82AA1923C',
// { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// amount: { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// from: '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// to: '0xaB7C8803962c0f2F5BBBe3FA8bf41cd82AA1923C'
// ]Returns the decoded values from the result of a call for fragment (see Specifying Fragments) for the given data.
// Decoding result data (e.g. from an eth_call)
resultData = "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
iface.decodeFunctionResult("balanceOf", resultData)
// [
// { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" }
// ]
// Decoding result data which was caused by a revert
// Throws a CALL_EXCEPTION, with extra details
errorData = "0xf7c3865a0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba720000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
iface.decodeFunctionResult("balanceOf", errorData)
// [Error: call revert exception] {
// code: 'CALL_EXCEPTION',
// errorArgs: [
// '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// balance: { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// owner: '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72'
// ],
// errorName: 'AccountLocked',
// errorSignature: 'AccountLocked(address,uint256)',
// method: 'balanceOf(address)',
// reason: null
// }
// Decoding structured data returns a Result object, which
// will include all values positionally and if the ABI
// included names, values will additionally be available
// by their name.
resultData = "0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000400000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000d52696368617264204d6f6f726500000000000000000000000000000000000000";
result = iface.decodeFunctionResult("getUser", resultData);
// [
// [
// 'Richard Moore',
// '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// addr: '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// name: 'Richard Moore'
// ],
// user: [
// 'Richard Moore',
// '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// addr: '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// name: 'Richard Moore'
// ]
// ]
// Access positionally:
// The 0th output parameter, the 0th proerty of the structure
result[0][0];
// 'Richard Moore'
// Access by name: (only avilable because parameters were named)
result.user.name
// 'Richard Moore'Parsing
The functions are generally the most useful for most developers. They will automatically search the ABI for a matching Event or Function and decode the components as a fully specified descriptio
Search for the error that matches the error selector in data and parse out the details.
const data = "0xf7c3865a0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba720000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
iface.parseError(data);
// ErrorDescription {
// args: [
// '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// balance: { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// owner: '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72'
// ],
// errorFragment: [class ErrorFragment],
// name: 'AccountLocked',
// sighash: '0xf7c3865a',
// signature: 'AccountLocked(address,uint256)'
// }Search the event that matches the log topic hash and parse the values the log represents.
const data = "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
const topics = [
"0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef",
"0x0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72",
"0x000000000000000000000000ab7c8803962c0f2f5bbbe3fa8bf41cd82aa1923c"
];
iface.parseLog({ data, topics });
// LogDescription {
// args: [
// '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// '0xaB7C8803962c0f2F5BBBe3FA8bf41cd82AA1923C',
// { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// amount: { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// from: '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// to: '0xaB7C8803962c0f2F5BBBe3FA8bf41cd82AA1923C'
// ],
// eventFragment: [class EventFragment],
// name: 'Transfer',
// signature: 'Transfer(address,address,uint256)',
// topic: '0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef'
// }Search for the function that matches the transaction data sighash and parse the transaction properties.
const data = "0x23b872dd0000000000000000000000008ba1f109551bd432803012645ac136ddd64dba72000000000000000000000000ab7c8803962c0f2f5bbbe3fa8bf41cd82aa1923c0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000de0b6b3a7640000";
const value = parseHbar("1.0");
iface.parseTransaction({ data, value });
// TransactionDescription {
// args: [
// '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// '0xaB7C8803962c0f2F5BBBe3FA8bf41cd82AA1923C',
// { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// amount: { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" },
// from: '0x8ba1f109551bD432803012645Ac136ddd64DBA72',
// to: '0xaB7C8803962c0f2F5BBBe3FA8bf41cd82AA1923C'
// ],
// functionFragment: [class FunctionFragment],
// name: 'transferFrom',
// sighash: '0x23b872dd',
// signature: 'transferFrom(address,address,uint256)',
// value: { BigNumber: "1000000000000000000" }
// }Types
Result (inherits Array<any>)
A Result is an array, so each value can be accessed as a positional argument.
Additionally, if values are named, the identical object as its positional value can be accessed by its name.
The name length is however reserved as it is part of the Array, so any named value for this key is renamed to _length. If there is a name collision, only the first is available by its key.
Error Description
The values of the input parameters of the error.
The ErrorFragment which matches the selector in the data.
errorDescription.name ⇒ string
errorDescription.name ⇒ stringThe error name. (e.g. AccountLocked)
errorDescription.signature ⇒ string
errorDescription.signature ⇒ stringThe error signature. (e.g. AccountLocked(address,uint256))
errorDescription.sighash ⇒ string
errorDescription.sighash ⇒ stringThe selector of the error.
LogDescription
The values of the input parameters of the event.
The EventFragment which matches the topic in the Log.
logDescription.name ⇒ string
logDescription.name ⇒ stringThe event name. (e.g. Transfer)
logDescription.signature ⇒ string
logDescription.signature ⇒ stringThe event signature. (e.g. Transfer(address,address,uint256))
logDescription.topic ⇒ string
logDescription.topic ⇒ stringThe topic hash.
TransactionDescription
The decoded values from the transaction data which were passed as the input parameters.
The FunctionFragment which matches the sighash in the transaction data.
transactionDescription.name ⇒ string
transactionDescription.name ⇒ stringThe name of the function. (e.g. transfer)
transactionDescription.sighash ⇒ string
transactionDescription.sighash ⇒ stringThe sighash (or function selector) that matched the transaction data.
transactionDescription.signature ⇒ string
transactionDescription.signature ⇒ stringThe signature of the function. (e.g. transfer(address,uint256))
The value from the transaction.
Specifying Fragments
When specifying a fragment to any of the functions in an Interface, any of the following may be used:
The name of the event or function, if it is unique and non-ambiguous within the ABI (e.g.
transfer)The signature of the event or function. The signature is normalized, so, for example,
uintanduint256are equivalent (e.g.transfer(address, uint))The sighash or topichash of the function. The sighash is often referred to the function selector in Solidity (e.g.
0xa9059cbb)A Fragment
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